Goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis) (also known as yellow root and puccoon
root) is a perennial herb that grows throughout much of the United
States. Though it was discovered by the aborigines of northern
Australia, it was utilized extensively by the Cherokee and other Native
Americans to treat skin infections, sore throat, recovery from
childbirth, and digestive ailments. During the Civil War, goldenseal was
used to treat wounds, and it's success during that time prompted it's
continued use as an antibiotic. Researchers now know that goldenseal
contains the powerful natural antibiotic called berberine, which kill
many bacteria that cause diarrhea and may be effective against cholera
bacteria, amoebic dysentery, and giardiasis.

Goldenseal also contains several alkaloids, which have mild antiseptic
and astringent (drying) properties and which make it effective in
treating conditions such as eczema and other skin disorders, cracked and
bleeding lips, canker sores, and gum disease. The alkaloids also have a
minor effect on the central nervous system, blood circulation, and
uterine tone and contractility. When used as a douche, goldenseal can
help relieve fungal infections. Goldenseal can also be used as a
laxative and to relieve pain and irritation associated with hemorrhoids.

Goldenseal has been collected to near extinction and is now cultivated.
Part of the problem with availability is that goldenseal is difficult to
grow, and it takes five years for the roots to reach medicinal maturity.
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