I've pretty much gotten down my routine for making sourdough. Every three
days, I make the loaf around 10 at night, and put it in the oven early the
next morning.

But what I would prefer is to have a fresh loaf every morning -- without
having to make it every night. It's easy enough to make three small loaves
instead of one large one, but I don't want to have to make it every night.

How can I just store the shaped loaves for baking at a later time?

I would guess the only options are freezing or in the refrigerator.